KCSE Past Papers HRE 2013
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KCSE Past Papers HRE 2013
4.5.1 Hindu Religious Education Paper 1 (315/1)
1.a) List six ways in which devotees can communicate with Paramatma. (6 marks)
b) Describe ways in which students practise Dharma. (8 marks)
c) Explain the role of Paramatma in Trimurti. (6 marks)
2. a) Explain the contibution of Lord Mahavir in promoting non-violence. (10 marks)
b) Describe five teachings of Sam‘ Kabir. (10 marks)
c) Describe the role of Dhammapada in Buddhism. (10 marks)
3. State ways in which Lord Rama demonstrated that he was;
(i) an ideal son. (5 marks)
(ii) an ideal king (5 marks)
b) Describe how the control of mind helps in the practice of Indiriya Nigraha.
(10 marks)
4. a) State five duties of a Vanprasthi. (5 marks)
b) Name the five daily Yajnas that a Grahasthi has to perform. (5 marks)
c) Name the three entities to whom the Buddhists pay homage in Mahamantra.
(3 marks)
5. a) How can the Sikh principle of forbidding intoxicants help the Kenyan youth? .
(10 marks)
b) State seven beings from whom the Jains seek for forgiveness during Pratikraman.
(7 marks)
6 a) Describe how the practice of Dhyana and Dharana from Ashtang Yoga leads to
Samadhi. (6 marks)
b) Identify the qualities of a devotee practising Dasyam Bhakti. (4 marks)
c) Explain the teachings of Jnana Yoga. (10 marks)
4.5.1 Hindu Religious Education Paper 2 (315/12
1 a) Describe the rites and rituals of the Sikh Naam Karan Sanskar.
b) Name five types of Hindu temple worship.
2 a) Define the three aspects of Karma.
b) Describe the ways of correcting the effects of accumulated Karma.
c) Describe the characteristics of a person dominated by Rajas Guna.
3 a) Describe how Rishi Bodh Divas is celebrated in Arya Samaj.
b) Explain the importance of Utsav in the lives of Hindus.
c) Describe ways in which Dashera is celebrated in Kenya.
4 a) State four reasons why Hindus visit Amamath.
b) Explain the importance of the Sikh trirhakshetra of Hazoor Sahib.
c) Give the names and locations of Chardham Yatra.
5. a) Discuss the contributions made by Rishi Dayanand in the spread of Vedic teachings
in the modem period.
(8 marks)
b) Identify the means by which Buddhism spread during the reign of King Ashok.
c) State four means of propagation of Hindu Dharma during the ancient period.
6 a) Identify the sites selected for building places of worship.
b) Discuss the contributions made by Hindu Scholars in the field of:
(i) medicine.
(ii) astronomy.
5.5 HINDU RELIGIOUS EDUCATION (315)
5.5.1 Islamic Religious Education Paper 1 (315/1)
1 a) Ways in which devotees communicate with Paramatma:
Through
Prayer;
Puja / aartil havan;
Satsangl bhajan/ kirtan;
Meditation:
Helping poor/destitute;
Looking after the environment - planting trees
Studying scriptures. b)
Ways of practising Dharma.
Studying religiously.;
Obeying elders;
Obeying school rules;
Being good at home;
Participating in games - winning treat or losing same;
Keeping body clean / take care of own health;
Keeping the environment clean;
Following moral - not telling lies;
Being disciplined;
Caring and sharing.
c) Role of Paramatma in Ti-imurti
Brahma - creates the universe
Vishnu - sustains all beings/protects
Mahesh/Shiva - liberates/destroys.
2 a) Contribution of Lord Mahavir in promoting non-violence
Responding to violence by keeping calm and peaceful;
Practising meditation;
Teaching/preaching non-violence through:
- words - not speaking harmful words
- thoughts - not having hurtful evil thoughts
- deeds - not to do evil deeds.
Preaching the principle of “live and let live”;
Not eating root vegetables;
Not eating after sunset:
Fasting regularly;
Following strict vegetarianism
Preaching Anekantvad - respect; for all religions;
Showing respect for all life.
3.a) Teachings of Sant Kabir:
Respect your Guru;
Respect all religions;
Parmatma is same in all religions - Rama & Rahim;
No need to go for Tirthayatra for salvation;
No need to go to temples - Paramatma resides in our hearts;
Live a simple life;
Recite Parmatma’s name in order to reach Him;
Practise universal brotherhood;
Always work with Partmatma in your heart. b)
Role of Dhammapada in Buddhism:
A scripture for Buddhists;
Contains life historyl
how he lived
attained salvation
Shows the path to attaining salvation;
Has principles of Buddhism;.
Teaches detachment;
non-violence;
middle path;
eight fold path;
four noble truths;
Final destiny of sould is “Nirvana”;
Salvation is attained by one’s own efforts;
Cosmic order always continues.
c) Ways in which Lord Rama demonstrated that he was an:
Ideal Son
Cared for his parents as a child;
Obeyed his parents;
Gave attention to his step mother even after she sent him on
exile;
After his father’s death, he asked his mother to bear with him until his retum;
Performed all final rites for his father after his death;
Went to study in the forest under Guru Vasishtha as asked by his father;
Went to the forest with Vishwamitra to kill demons / protect
Brahmins.
ii Ideal King:
Ruled Ayodhya fairly;
Administration was just;
Provided security for citizens;
Promoted peace and unity in his kingdom by being righteous and moral;
Dealt with emerging issues fairly, squarely and firmly;
Listened to the complaints and welfare;
Rules with advice of wise persons;
Motivated his subjects to follow righteousness with exemplary living;
Put his subjects’ interests first - sacrificed his happiness and sent Sita to exile.
4. a) How control of mind helps in practice of lndriya Nigraha
Control over five senses;
Eyes - see good, avoid evil;
Ears - hear; good, avoid evil;
Skin - should tolerate smoothness and roughness;
Eat food without caring for taste;
Smell - good or bad, should not put one off;
Hands - desist from doing bad deeds;
Legs - to walk to holy places;
Think and speak pleasing and positively;
Do not become angry;
Do not tell lies;
Obey rules;
Work hard;
Be active/not lazy
b) Duties of a Vanaprasthi
Retire from active life;
Study scriptures;
Pass the knowledge acquired to others;
Attend religious discourses / functions;
D0 social work;
Guide family members;
Practise detachment;
Live a simple life;
Offer guidance/ advance to people who need;
Have control over senses. c)
Five Daily Yajnas for a Grahasthi
Brahma Yajna:
Deva:
Pitru;
Bhoot;
Atithi.
5. a) Entitites to whom Buddhists pay homage in Mahamantra
Buddha - Lord Buddha
Sangha- - Congregation
Dharma - Religion,
b) ow the Sikh principle of forbidding intoxicants can help Kenyan youth
By forbidding intoxicants, the youth can keep busy and avoid idleness, they can engage
in meaningful activities; - v
Keeping away from intoxicants promotes good health among the youth;
Time saved from non indulgence in intoxicants can be utilised in meaningful activities;
Keeping away from intoxicants make the youth better leaders of tomorrow;
Forbidding of intoxicants leads to saving money, time and energy;
Keeping away from intoxicants promotes better relationships in the community .e.g.,
no fights, quarrels;
Reduces crime rate in the community.
5 x 2 10 marks
c)
Beings from whom Jains seek forgiveness during Pratikraman
Plants;
Animals;
Fellow human beings;
Insects:
E1ders;
Juniors;
Employees;
Friends;
Foes;
Souls.
6 a) How Dhyana & Dharana leads to Samadhi
(i) Dhyana:-
Helps mind to become calm and peaceful
Focusses mind stops other thoughts
This state leads to Dhama.
(ii) Dharana:-
Control over the mind
Fix the mind to a symbol, mantra. a lighted candle;
Makes one ready for Samadhi - when mind stops working and leads one to bliss.
2 a) Qualities of a devotee practising Dasyam Bhakti.
Obedience;
Humility;
Service:
Adoration:
Love;
Trust in Paramatma:
Discipline:
Worship.
b) Teaching of Jnana Yoga
It is one of the 3 Yoga that lead one to Moksha:
It teaches that Paramatma is Supreme:
It teaches that soul is immonal and etemal:
One should be detached from material things:
Unity of Atma with Paramatma:
Analyse information to anive at conclusions:
Helps to remove the ignorance of the nature of soul:
Gives a devotee knowledge of the Universe:
Rites and rituals should be performed with understanding.
It is the search for ultimate goal of life why we are born, etc;
5.5.2 Hindu Religious Education Paper 2 (315/2)
1. a) Rites & Rituals of the Sikh Naam Karan Sanskar
Family arranges the details of the ceremony.
The venue is always the Gurudwara.
Akhand path is read.
Ardas is performed/Japji is recited.
The parents, the child & family attend after having bathed & wom clean clothes
The Guru Granth is paid obescience - bowed to.
from home.
The Guru Granth is opened at random and the Gyaniji/priest points out the name
The child is blessed with the new name & given Amrit.
All those who attended the ceremony are treated to Langar.
or three word added for a girl’s name.
Gifts are given to the child. b)
Types of Hindu Temple Worship
Personal worship
Communal worship
Satsang
Katha
Kirtan
Havan
Padth
c) Essential items used when visiting the Darasar
Katasanu - mat
Whisk - vinjado/chamar
Rice
Flowers
Muhpati
Chakhdo - wooden board
Kumkum
Chandan
Aarti plate
Dakshina/Dan/money for offering
Scriptures
The three aspects of Karma
Karla - is the doer of deeds & action
Karma - is the deed or action itself
Karana - is the means/instruments e.g. hands, legs, eyes through which deeds are done.
2 a) Ways of correcting the effect of accumulated Karma
praying and keeping Parmatma close to one‘s heat.
By doing good Karma without expectation of reward.
By getting rid of anger, temptation, greed, violence.
By not accumulating Karma through;
thoughts - thinking good of all
words - speaking kindly and truthfully
action - by giving service to all around - family.
looking after the environment by
planting trees
taking care of animals
beatifying the environment -growing flowers, plants, etc.
by cultivating the virtue of forgiveness
by giving respect to all living beings.
by doing his God-given duties faithfully
by repenting for his sins
accepting his present without complaints. c)
The Characteristics of a person dominated by the Rajas Guna
keeping full faith in Parmatma.
A person dominated by Rajas guna is:
fond of creature comforts so he likes to live in good & comfonable homes
wear good clothes
is passionate
is attached to material things
likes to enjoy himself.
full of desire
is ever agitated
has activities all the time
greedy so becomes selfish & self centered.
He neither rises in life or falls into tamas.
3 a) How Rishi Bodh Divas is celebrated in Arya Samaj
Prayers are recited.
Havan is perfomqed.
Vedic discourses are given.
Debates are held on religious topics.
Schools are involved in dramatizing lives of
Dayand Swami
Vivekand.
Shradhanand
Lala Lajpatrai
Lekhram.
All above are remembered and their teachings remembered.
All above are paid tribute to
Rishi Langar is held.
Prayers for peace are recited.
Alms are given.
6 x 1 = 6 marks
b)
The importance of Utsav in the lives of Hindus
Re affirm beliefs and recollect the personalities &
their teachings.
promote cultural & social traditions
come together in prayers for peace. unity
Break the monotony of daily routine
Promoting happiness & optimistic attitudes
Worship & prayers
Perform rites & rituals of particular utsav
Create religious & hamionious atmosphere
strengthen family ties & relationships
Promote & strengthen patriotism
Promote national peace & unity
Mark seasonal changes by celebrating and dancing (at plating, harvest, etc.)
Leaming about our ancestors & history
Dramatization & role playing of spiritual enlightened beings.
Stress is reduced
Artistic talents are recognized & promoted.
8 x 1 = 8 marks
c)
The ways in which Dashera is celebrated in Kenya
Visit the temple/place of worship
Listen to the religious discourse on the victor over evil
Dramatize the killing of Ravan by Rama
Fun fair & Fete activities
Do alms
Join Satsang
Sing Bhajans
Remember the story of Ramayan/role play/dramatize.
Bum the effigy of Ravan
Fireworks display
Entertainment stalls
Malia prasad
Continuous Ram Jaap
Learn/practise archery
Havan is performed.
Puja is done.
6 x I = 6 marks
b)
Reasons why Hindus visit Amarnath
Hindu visit Amarnath because:
It is dedicated to Lord Shiva
It has a naturally fonned Shivlinga.
Lord Shiva forms part of Trimurti so Hindus worship Lord Shiva in the form of
Linga.
Lord Shiva delivered the science of yoga at Amamath.
It is full of religious and peaceful vibrations.
It is one a scenic top of Himalayas & very conducive to meditation.
People say their prayers & offer worship.
Brings contact with other like minded pilgrims.
4 x 2 = 8 marks
c)
5. a) The importance of the Sikh Trithakshetra of Hazoor Sahib
It is situated on the banks of a river/Godavari
It is also called Nanded
Guru Govind Singh declared the Guru Granth Sahib as the Living Guru
Guru Govind Singh died here
The Shrine is also known as Takhat
All Sikh prayers are recited.
All religious days are celebrated.
Langar is offered daily.
4 x l = 4 marks
b)
Names and locations of Chardham Yatra
Name
Rameshwaram
Dwarka
Badrinarayan
J agannath
Location
South India
Gujarat
North India — Himalayas
East - Orissa
4 x 2 = 8 marks
c.The contributions made by Rishi Dayanand in the spread of Vedic teachings in the
modern period
He revered the knowledge contained in the Vedas by thinking & studying it
thoroughly.
He spread the Vedic knowledge by giving religious discourse.
He wrote many books explaining the Truth as contained in the Vedas.
He wrote ‘Satyarth Prakash’ which laid down rules of living in a society
He rejected idol worship and perfonning rites and rituals without understanding
them.
He propagated & promoted the performance of Yajna & havan. e
He abolished the ‘sati‘ tradition.
He encouraged women education.
He encouraged women to study Vedas.
He explained the Varna system.
He explained the Ashrams.
He founded Arya Sarnaj
He stressed equality of man.
8 x 1 = 8 marks
b)
The means by which Buddhism spread during the reign of King Ashok
His position as the King helped one & all to learn about Buddhism.
His wealth made it easy.
His leadership - as a converted Buddhist influenced many.
His emissaries & missionaries went far & wide as far as Japan & China.
He encouraged Buddhism to be illustrated in caves, on hillside stones and on
pillars.
He constructed temples dedicated to Buddha.
He donated money, land for all activities.
He gave protection & security to Buddhism.
He made Buddhism a royal religion.
8 x l = 8 marks
c) Means of propagation of Hindu Dharma during Ancient period
Through scriptures Veda
Rig - Upanishad
Yajur - Aranyaka
Atharva
Agams
Through seers & rishis who pondered over life,
Alma, Parmatma through meditation, concentration;
Giving knowledge through/by keeping Shrams & teaching to the students.
Through stories illustrating the Truths;
Through compiling shlokas & notes on knowledge;
Showing ways of singing.
4 x 1 = 4 marks
6 (a)
Site selected for building places of worship:
Near rivers, lakes, e.g River Ganges.
Birth place of saints/where saints were bom.
Where saints spent most of their time.
Pure, unpolluted places/places considered clean.
Sacred places e.g. Himalayas mountain.
Contributions made by Hindu scholars in the field of:
Medicine
Sushruta developed to process of surgery;
Sushruta developed surgical instruments;
he studied the physical anatomy - muscles, bones etc.;
Charak invented Ayurveda
studied man and his prakruti/composition;
he discovered, cough and Pitta;
he studied herbs and flex use as medicine to cure physical diseases.
Astronomy
c) Aryabhatt - studied astronomy in depth
He studied stars & their positions
He studied planets & their positions.
He studied the interrelationship of planets & stars.
He explained the movement of the earth & sun.
He explained the influence of the stars & the
planets on the earth.
He explained-eclipse of the sun.
He explained how ebb & tide take place.
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